México-Estados Unidos: Frontera eficiente, pero no abierta

Article Sidebar

PDF (Español (España))
Published: Jul 13, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17428/rfn.v15i29.1334

Main Article Content

Gustavo Ernesto Emmerich
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana

Abstract

En marzo de 2002, México y Estados Unidos acordaron avanzar hacia una frontera eficiente entre ambos países. Si bien responde al objetivo bilateral compartido de acelerar el tránsito legal de personas y bienes a través de la línea fronteriza, esta iniciativa se acerca más a la frontera segura demandada por Estados Unidos que a la frontera abierta sugerida por México. Este artículo concluye que: a) aunque habrá un mayor bilateralismo en su manejo, b) la frontera eficiente atenderá esencialmente a las necesidades de seguridad de Estados Unidos, y c) continuará dividiendo –más que uniendo– a México y Estados Unidos, especialmente en lo que toca al tránsito de trabajadores no autorizados. Tal conclusión se fundamenta en un análisis de la coyuntura política bilateral posterior al 11 de septiembre de 2001, basado en el examen de la situación actual en la frontera, la revisión de documentos y dedeclaraciones gubernamentales de ambos países, y la comparación con un acuerdo similar suscrito anteriormente entre Estados Unidos y Canadá ABSTRACTIn March 2002, Mexico and the United States agreed to work towards a smart border between them. Even if responding to the shared bilateral objective of speeding up the legal flows of people and goods across the borderline, this initiative is closer to the secure border demanded by the United States than to the open border suggested by Mexico. This article concludes that: a) even if with greater degree of bilateralism in its management, b) the smart border will essentially tend to the United States security needs, and c) that it will continue to divide rather than unite Mexico and the United States, especially regarding the flow of unauthorized workers. Such a conclusion is based on an analysis of the bilateral political conjuncture after September 11th, 2001 grounded upon: the examination of the current situation at the border, the reviewing of governmental documents and declarations from both countries, and the comparison to a similar agreement previously subscribed by the United States and Canada.

Article Details

How to Cite
Ernesto Emmerich, G. (2017). México-Estados Unidos: Frontera eficiente, pero no abierta. Frontera Norte, 15(29), 7–33. https://doi.org/10.17428/rfn.v15i29.1334
Issue
Vol. 15 No. 29 (2003): enero-junio, 2003
Section
Papers

Authors publishing work in this journal agree to the following conditions:

  1. Authors retain copyright and assign first publication rights to the journal Frontera Norte (RFN), with the texts registered under an Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Creative Commons license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which allows third parties to use published material provided they give credit to the authors and acknowledge this journal as the first publisher.

  2. They authorize the reproduction, publication, translation, communication, and transmission of their paper and all accompanying material, publicly and in any form and by any means; its public distribution in as many copies as required; and public communication thereof in any form, including making it available to the public through electronic means or any other technology, and solely for dissemination and scientific, cultural, and non-commercial purposes.

  3. Authors may enter into further independent contractual agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the paper published in this journal (for instance, to include it in an institutional repository or personal webpage, or publish it in a book), provided it is not for commercial purposes and they clearly state that the work was first published in Frontera Norte (RFN) [and add the corresponding bibliographical record: Author/s (Year). Title of paper. Frontera Norte, volume (number), pp. doi: xxxx].

To that end, authors must submit the form assigning ownership of first publication rights, duly completed and signed. This document is to be uploaded in PDF format as a complementary file on the OJS platform.

Licencia de Creative Commons

This work is released under an Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Creative Commons license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)..

References

Bailey, John, “México-EU: El potencial de la ‘quinta canasta’ ”, en El universal, 17 de mayo de 2002, p. A20.

Bonner, Robert C., discurso pronunciado el 6 de mayo de 2002, véase www.customs.gov/about/speeches/speech0507.00.htm

Castillo, Manuel Ángel, Alfredo Lattes y Jorge Santibáñez

(coords.), Migración y fronteras, México, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, 1998.

Cornelius, Wayne, “Muerte en la frontera”, en Este país, México, núm. 199, febrero de 2001.

Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, Ottawa, Canadá, página web, 25 de mayo de 2002, véase www.can-am.gc.ca/menue.asp?act=v&mid=1&cat=10&did=1248.

Drug Enforcement Agency, Washington, D.C., página web, 10 de junio de 2001, véase www.usdoj.gov/dea/stats/stats.htm.

Immigration and Naturalization Service, Washington, D.C., página web, 15 de mayo de 2002, véase www.ins.usdoj.gov/graphics/aboutins/statistics/ msrsep01/SWBORD.HTM.

Instituto Nacional de Migración, México, D.F., página web, 15 de mayo de 2001, véase: www.inami.gob.mx.

La jornada, diario de México, D.F.

Mummert, Gail (ed.), Fronteras fragmentadas, Zamora, Mich., El Colegio de Michoacán, 1999.

National Post, diario de Toronto, Canadá. Office of National Drug Control Policy, Washington, D.C., página web, 10 de junio de 2001, véase www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov.

Random House, Random House Webster's College Dictionary, Nueva York, 2000.

Reforma, México, D.F., 24 de septiembre de 2002, p. 10A.

----, México, D.F., 22 de abril de 2002.

Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores, Estudio binacional México-Estados Unidos sobre migración, México, D.F., 1997.

Secretaría de Salud, Encuesta nacional de adicciones, México, D.F., página web, 26 de junio de 2001, véase www.ssa.gob.mx/unidades/conadic.

Tuirán, Rodolfo, Perspectivas futuras de la migración de mexicanos a Estados Unidos, México, D.F., Consejo Nacional de Población, 1999.

U.S. Department of State, Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, Narcotics Control Report 2000, página web, 17 de octubre de 2001, véase www.state.gov/g/inl/rls/nrcrpt/2000.

Von Mises, Ludwig, Liberalismo, Barcelona, España, Editorial Planeta, 1994 (primera edición en alemán 1927).

Yahoo, Un buscador de noticias, 2002, veáse mx.yahoo.com/noticias/0205/22actualidad/notimex/pue-migracion-acuerdo-1022099760.html.