Evaluación del impacto de las inundaciones en Tijuana (enero de 1993). Uso integrado de percepción remota y sistemas de información geográfica

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Published: Aug 17, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17428/rfn.v5i10.1557

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Gerardo Bocco
El Colegio de la Frontera Norte
Roberto A. Sánchez
El Colegio de la Frontera Norte
Hugo Riemann
El Colegio de la Frontera Norte

Abstract

En este trabajo se analiza el efecto de las lluvias extraordinarias de enero de 1993 sobre la ciudad de Tijuana. Para su análisis, se recurre a la elaboración de un sistema de información geográfica de la ciudad. De la dinámica de los procesos geomorfológicos se identifican, mediante foto-interpretación, zonas de erosión, remoción en masa, depositación y zonas de anegamiento. La dinámica urbana se describe en términos de densidad de la población, características de vivienda, servicios públicos e ingresos. De manera complementaria, se analiza, mediante un modelo de probabilidad de eventos extremos y datos diarios sobre la precipitación ocurrida durante los 45 años más recientes, la probabilidad de retorno de una lluvia de intensidad similar.Los resultados de los análisis muestran que la gran vulnerabilidad de Tijuana a este tipo de fenómenos naturales se debe en gran parte al efecto conjunto de la localización de la ciudad y la falta de un esquema de planeación adecuado. En ese sentido, este trabajo pretende ser una contribución.ABSTRACTThis article analyzes the effects of the extraordinarily heavy rains that fell on Tijuana in January 1993. For the analysis, the authors developed a geographical information system for the city, using photointerpretation to identify the dynamics of geomorphological processes: erosion, soil shifts, redepositing of soils, and flooding. The authors also consider the urban dynamics that enter into the process-population density, housing patterns, public services, and income. Complementing this focus, the authors employ a probability model for extreme weather patterns and daily precipitation over the last forty-five years to examine the likelihood that similarly heavy rainfall will recur. The results of this analysis demonstrate that Tijuana's marked vulnerability to this type of natural phenomenon is due in large part to the combination of the city's placement and the lack of an adequate urban planning schema. It is hoped that this work will contribute to improved preparation against future disasters of this type.

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How to Cite
Bocco, G., Sánchez, R. A., & Riemann, H. (2017). Evaluación del impacto de las inundaciones en Tijuana (enero de 1993). Uso integrado de percepción remota y sistemas de información geográfica. Frontera Norte, 5(10), 53–83. https://doi.org/10.17428/rfn.v5i10.1557
Issue
Vol. 5 No. 10 (1993): julio-diciembre, 1993
Section
Papers

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