Competitividad internacional, productividad y costos laborales unitarios en la industria manufacturera

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Published: Mar 16, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17428/rfn.v22i44.848

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Víctor Manuel Cuevas Ahumada
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco

Abstract

En este trabajo se investigan los efectos de la productividad laboral, el tipo de cambio realy otras variables, sobre la competitividad internacional (ci) manufacturera durante el período1996-2008. Para ello, se construye un índice de competitividad internacional y se estiman dosmodelos var generalizados. La evidencia sugiere que la productividad laboral influye más sobrela competitividad internacional que el tipo de cambio real. Así mismo, la competitividadinternacional aumenta cuando los costos laborales unitarios descienden; es decir, cuando laproductividad de los trabajadores crece por encima de los salarios. En este contexto, un paquetede políticas sectoriales de estímulo a la productividad laboral fortalecería más la competitividadinternacional que una depreciación cambiaria.AbstractThis paper explores the effects of labor productivity, the actual exchange rate and other variables on the manufacturing industry’s international competitiveness (ic) during a twelve-year period: 1996-2008. To this end, we construct an ic index and estimate two generalized var models.The empirical evidence suggests that labor productivity influences ic to a greater extent than actual exchange rate depreciation. Furthermore, manufacturing ic increases when unit labor costs decrease; that is, when labor productivity grows faster than wages. In this way, an integral package of policy measures designed to stimulate productivity of workers may be more effective in increasing manufacturing ic than actual currency depreciation.

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How to Cite
Cuevas Ahumada, V. M. (2017). Competitividad internacional, productividad y costos laborales unitarios en la industria manufacturera. Frontera Norte, 22(44), 7–39. https://doi.org/10.17428/rfn.v22i44.848
Issue
Vol. 22 No. 44 (2010): julio-diciembre, 2010
Section
Papers

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